Chapter 11 Programming

11.1 Programming basics

Constant - a named value that cannot change during the execution of a program

Variable – a named value that can change during the execution of a program

11.2 Programming constructs

case & if

CASE OF thisMark:
  > 75:
    grade <— “Distinction”
    topsStudents <— topStudents + 1
  60 TO 74:
    grade <—“Merit”
  40 TO 59:
    grade <—“Pass”
  OTHERWISE
    grade <—“Fail”
ENDCASE

loops

DECLARE Password : INTEGER
REPEAT
  OUTPUT "Please enter the password"
  INPUT Password
UNTIL Password = 123456

11.3 Structured programming

Procedure – a set of statements that can be grouped together and easily called in a program whenever required, rather than repeating all of the statements each time

Function – a set of statements that can be grouped together and easily called in a program whenever required, rather than repeating all of the statements each time. Unlike a procedure, a function always returns a value

Library routine – a tested and ready-to-use routine available in the development system of a programming language that can be incorporated into a program